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What is Web Testing?
Web Testing, or website testing is checking your web application or website for potential bugs before its made live and is accessible to general public. Web Testing checks for functionality, usability, security, compatibility, performance of the web application or website.
Before we pen down more details on the type of web testing, let’s quickly define Web Testing.
During this stage issues such as that of web application security, the functioning of the site, its access to handicapped as well as regular users and its ability to handle traffic is checked.
How to Test Web Application or WebsiteIn Software Engineering, the following testing types/technique may be performed depending on your web testing requirements.
1. Functionality Testing of a Website
Functionality Testing of a Website is a process that includes several testing parameters like user interface, APIs, database testing, security testing, client and server testing and basic website functionalities. Functional testing is very convenient and it allows users to perform both manual and automated testing. It is performed to test the functionalities of each feature on the website.
Web based Testing Activities includes:
Outgoing links
Internal links
Anchor Links
MailTo Links
Test Forms are working as expected. This will include-
Scripting checks on the form are working as expected. For example- if a user does not fill a mandatory field in a form an error message is shown.
Check default values are being populated
Once submitted, the data in the forms is submitted to a live database or is linked to a working email address
Forms are optimally formatted for better readability
Test Cookies are working as expected. Cookies are small files used by websites to primarily remember active user sessions so you do not need to log in every time you visit a website. Cookie Testing will include
Testing cookies (sessions) are deleted either when cache is cleared or when they reach their expiry.
Delete cookies (sessions) and test that login credentials are asked for when you next visit the site.
Test HTML and CSS to ensure that search engines can crawl your site easily. This will include
Checking for Syntax Errors
Readable Color Schemas
Standard Compliance. Ensure standards such W3C, OASIS, IETF, ISO, ECMA, or WS-I are followed.
Test business workflow– This will include
Testing your end – to – end workflow/ business scenarios which takes the user through a series of webpages to complete.
Test negative scenarios as well, such that when a user executes an unexpected step, appropriate error message or help is shown in your web application.
Tools that can be used: QTP , IBM Rational , Selenium
2. Usability testing:Usability Testing has now become a vital part of any web based project. It can be carried out by testers like you or a small focus group similar to the target audience of the web application.
Test the site Navigation:
Menus, buttons or Links to different pages on your site should be easily visible and consistent on all webpages
Test the Content:
Content should be legible with no spelling or grammatical errors.
Images if present should contain an “alt” text
Tools that can be used: Chalkmark, Contentsquare, and Clixpy
3.Interface Testing:Three areas to be tested here are – Application, Web and Database Server
Application: Test requests are sent correctly to the Database and output at the client side is displayed correctly. Errors if any must be caught by the application and must be only shown to the administrator and not the end user.
Web Server: Test Web server is handling all application requests without any service denial.
Database Server: Make sure queries sent to the database give expected results.
Test system response when connection between the three layers (Application, Web and Database) cannot be established and appropriate message is shown to the end user.
Tools that can be used: Ranorex
4. Database Testing:Database is one critical component of your web application and stress must be laid to test it thoroughly. Testing activities will include-
Test if any errors are shown while executing queries
Data Integrity is maintained while creating, updating or deleting data in database.
Check response time of queries and fine tune them if necessary.
Test data retrieved from your database is shown accurately in your web application
Tools that can be used: QTP, Selenium
5. Compatibility testing.Compatibility tests ensures that your web application displays correctly across different devices. This would include-
Browser Compatibility Test: Same website in different browsers will display differently. You need to test if your web application is being displayed correctly across browsers, JavaScript, AJAX and authentication is working fine. You may also check for Mobile Browser Compatibility.
The rendering of web elements like buttons, text fields etc. changes with change in Operating System. Make sure your website works fine for various combination of Operating systems such as Windows, Linux, Mac and Browsers such as Firefox, Internet Explorer, Safari etc.
Tools that can be used: Dynatrace
6. Performance Testing:
Website application response times at different connection speeds
Test if a crash occurs due to peak load, how does the site recover from such an event
Make sure optimization techniques like gzip compression, browser and server side cache enabled to reduce load times
Tools that can be used: Loadrunner, JMeter
7. Security testing:Security Testing is vital for e-commerce website that store sensitive customer information like credit cards. Testing Activities will include-
Test unauthorized access to secure pages should not be permitted
Restricted files should not be downloadable without appropriate access
Check sessions are automatically killed after prolonged user inactivity
On use of SSL certificates, website should re-direct to encrypted SSL pages.
Intruder is a powerful vulnerability scanner that will help you uncover the many weaknesses lurking in your web applications and underlying infrastructure. Offering industry-leading security checks, continuous monitoring and an easy-to-use platform, Intruder keeps businesses of all sizes safe from hackers.
Features
Best-in-class threat coverage with over 10,000 security checks
Checks for configuration weaknesses, missing patches, application weaknesses (such as SQL injection & cross-site scripting) and more
Automatic analysis and prioritisation of scan results
Intuitive interface, quick to set-up and run your first scans
Proactive security monitoring for the latest vulnerabilities
AWS, Azure, and Google Cloud connectors
API integration with your CI/CD pipeline
8. Crowd Testing:You will select a large number of people (crowd) to execute tests which otherwise would have been executed a select group of people in the company. Crowdsourced testing is an interesting and upcoming concept and helps unravel many a unnoticed defects.
Tools that can be used: Crowd Testing Platform
This concludes the tutorial. It includes almost all testing types applicable to your web application.
As a Web-tester its important to note that web testing is quite an arduous process and you are bound to come across many obstacles. One of the major problems you will face is of course deadline pressure. Everything is always needed yesterday! The number of times the code will need changing is also taxing. Make sure you plan your work and know clearly what is expected of you. Its best define all the tasks involved in your web testing and then create a work chart for accurate estimates and planning.
You're reading Web Application Testing: How To Test A Website?
How To Test A Motherboard
In my 30 years of experience as a computer technician, a motherboard is one of the most challenging components to diagnose due to the number of components connected to it.
If a motherboard fails, you could have blue screens, freezing, beeps, inability to detect USB drives and other hardware, and more. This guide will teach you how to test a motherboard with a multi-meter before installing other PC parts.
You will need the following tools to complete your motherboard diagnostics testing.
A Phillips screwdriver or power switch jumper
A multimeter to check voltages
A working PSU (Power Supply Unit)
A new CMOS battery if necessary
CPU thermal paste
Set the motherboard on a flat, non-conductive surface such as a wooden table.
Install the processor and apply thermal paste.
Attach the CPU cooler and connect it to the motherboard.
Place at least one RAM module into the slot labeled (DIMM 1).
Attach the GPU to the motherboard and connect the necessary power connector if necessary. Read your GPU manual to verify.
Plug the ATX 24-pin connector from the PSU (Power Supply) into the motherboard.
Connect the monitor to the HDMI connection on the side of the board for onboard graphics or into the GPU if it’s your primary display.
Plug the PSU power cable into a surge protector or wall outlet.
To turn on the computer, use a power switch jumper, or if you do not have one available, you can even use a screwdriver to complete the power circuit shown above.
After verifying a successful POST, turn the PC off by flipping the switch located on the power supply back to the off position.
If the computer boots to the BIOS, you are good to go. Unplug everything, and install the motherboard into your case and install everything as usual. If your motherboard did not POST, retry the steps again, and if it still fails, contact the motherboard manufacturer and request an RMA to get a new motherboard.
Motherboards can be one of the most stubborn components to diagnose due to the sheer number of tiny parts embedded in them. In my experience, when motherboards fail, they typically will not boot, power on, or anything. The following steps can help narrow down your symptoms.
The Power-On-Self-Test or (POST) happens each time you turn on your computer. If your computer is operating normally, you should continue the startup. If you are unable to complete the POST, then proceed to the next step.
Verify that your motherboard is not shorting out on your case. Verify that you have correctly installed stand-off screws in all the correct screw locations inside the case.
Check your system for possible overheating. Open the case and ensure that there is not dust covering the fans, components, and motherboard. If so, use a can of compressed air found at your local hardware store to clean it.
Listen for beep codes when booting your PC. These beep codes will help you identify the faulty component or issue. For a list of beep codes and what they mean, go here.
Use the BIOS to check for updates, download and install them. If no updates are available, restore or reset your BIOS to reverse all settings to default and restart the computer.
If you still cannot access the BIOS because your computer keeps restarting, Replace the CMOS Battery. If your PC continues into BIOS after battery replacement, your motherboard issues should end. But if they do not, continue diagnosis.
Finally, remove all components other than the CPU, the CPU Cooling Fan, and the RAM. If your motherboard boots and POSTs, you will need to add one piece of hardware at a time until you find the faulty component.
If you cannot diagnose your motherboard with the steps listed above, it is time to use a multimeter. You can purchase one at your local hardware store or on Amazon. This one at Amazon sells for less than $13 and works great.
If you have a multimeter, then you will be able to detect issues with the motherboard easily. Even if you have never used a multimeter in the past, I will walk you step-by-step on how to test your motherboard for component failure.
The first thing you want to look for with the multimeter is a short circuit. These are common issues and can happen when there might be a surge in electricity. Below we will be verifying the AC voltage of the motherboard.
Standard 24pin ATX pin layout
Next, remove the motherboard from the case and refer to the layout picture or this ATX 24-pin chart to find the PINs. Using the red lead, test each of the following: (3,5,7,15,17,18, and 19) must have a 0 reading. Anything else indicates a bad PSU connector.
The last test will require you to remove the ATX power adapter and the CPU from the motherboard. Test the same ATX pins located on the motherboard. Any reading other than 0 means there is a problem with the motherboard connector.
Multimeter
To check DC voltages, follow the steps below. The steps here are slightly different than AC voltages.
If you have found that the motherboard has failed, don’t try repairing it on your own. Even if a repair is successful, improper voltage regulation could destroy everything in your computer. It is always better to have an experienced electronic technician repair the motherboard or replace it than venturing to fix it yourself.
With the computer turned off, carefully probe the back of the connector using the black lead. It should be in contact with one of the negative pins 15,17,18 or 19, registering a 0 voltage.
Use the red lead to probe and verify the following pins: Pin 16 (green in color) reading between 3-5 volts and Pin 9 (purple color) reading 5 volts.
Now, start the PC. Pin 16 (green color) should drop down to 0 volts. If it doesn’t, this is indicative of a faulty switch. (Turn off the PC)
Finally, use the red lead on Pin 8 (gray color) should read 5 volts. Start the computer and press the reset button; now, the voltage will drop down to 0 volts, then go back up to 5 volts. If not, this is a good indicator that you have a defective RAM slot, and you will need a new motherboard.
FAQsYou don’t have to have a CPU to verify that the motherboard is working and powering connected components like case fans and RGB lighting. I know because I have done this on numerous occasions.
How to test a capacitor on a motherboard?Unfortunately, there is no way to test the capacitor on a motherboard without removing the capacitor itself. However, you can visually inspect each capacitor for rust, cracks, leaks, or bulges, and this will give you a good idea that the capacitor is damaged.
Can a motherboard be repaired?A motherboard can be repaired by an experienced electronics technician in many cases and may still be less expensive than a replacement if it is an older PC. If you have to purchase a new motherboard, you may also have to replace the CPU and RAM.
Is replacing a motherboard worth it?The fact that the motherboard is responsible for distributing controlled amounts of current throughout the computer and its peripherals makes it very worth it. A failing motherboard could cause surges of current that could potentially destroy your RAM, GPU, CPU, etc.
What happens if my motherboard is damaged?If you just purchased your motherboard and it was damaged when you opened it or during installation, it should be under the manufactures warranty. You will need to call the manufacture and request an RMA (Return Merchandise Authorization).
If you have had the motherboard for a long time and it is out of the warranty period, you will need to purchase a new one.
How To Immunize A New Website Against Negative Seo
Negative SEO is something of a boogeyman. Some will say it doesn’t exist. Some say it exists, but it’s largely ineffective. Some are in awe of its power, claiming it’s capable of taking down even top ranked sites. Still others claimed to have personal experience with it, either as a victim or as part of a history with black hat SEO. On black hat forums, it’s regarded with reverence, just another tool in the toolbox.
The way negative SEO works is by simulating unnatural link building activity against other sites. By showing Google that thousands of junk links are being built in an attempt to manipulate your website’s rankings, it’s possible that Google can penalize and/or deindex your site completely – when you have done nothing wrong.
Whether or not it’s a threat, and whether or not it’s effective at trashing a young site, it’s worth taking steps to immunize your site against it.
Why?
Simple: the techniques used to protect yourself against negative SEO are, for the most part, the same techniques you use to build positive SEO. Think of it like a number line, with a brand new site starting at zero. If you build up to 15, the -10 hurts, but doesn’t leave you in the hole while a hit of -10 from a position of 1,000 may not even be felt. By building an authority site, Google will know it’s less likely that you’re manipulating rankings with junk links, and your rankings will be less likely to plummet from these attacks.
So, to protect yourself from negative SEO, take up the following tips and put them into use. Many of these tips work equally well on a new or an established site, though some are basic steps for building a new site.
Establish Website SecurityThe most dangerous, and most insidious, negative SEO attacks are those performed through hacking your site.
Any breach of your security is bad, but it’s made even worse when the hacker does nothing overt. It’s one thing when they take down your pages, trash your databases and vandalize your account. It’s quite another when all they do is insert a few hidden spam links on your pages, install themselves as an admin user and leave. If they worked quickly and quietly, you might not even notice until you start receiving penalties for bad links or hidden text.
To prevent this kind of attack, make sure your passwords are strong and unique. Make sure your host has up to date web security, and that any infrastructure you have installed is up to date. This means, in particular, keeping WordPress and any commerce platform you use updated. Use security plugins as well, whenever possible. The additional security won’t hurt.
If your blog is going to have multiple authors, or you have other people working on your site but who don’t need admin access, limit the permissions on their accounts. Only those who absolutely need admin access should have it.
Create and Use Social ProfilesTo combat negative SEO, you need to build traffic, links and an audience. One of the primary ways to do this is through social media. Social media marketing is far too complex a subject to cover in a subsection of a single article, but suffice it to say creating your profiles and keeping them active is a good start.
For a brand new site, you probably don’t need more than just the basic Facebook-Google+-Twitter combo.
The goal is to establish yourself a presence and reputation independent of your own site. No negative SEO attack, no matter how powerful, is going to cause Twitter to drop from the rankings.
An active set of social profiles also helps keep you in contact with your users, if your site is attacked and brought down or force off the first page.
Implement AuthorshipEven though Google cut out the primary incentive many webmasters had for establishing Authorship – that is, the profile pictures in search results – they didn’t cut all value from the service. Authorship is designed to give you as an author a reputation separate from that of your site.
Ideally, with Authorship, you will be able to establish more of a reputation as a legitimate blogger and webmaster. If your site is a victim of negative SEO, you can maintain Authorship as a sign of legitimacy. In a sense, you’re telling Google that, hey, this isn’t your fault, you’re trying to fix the problem. It might not do much, but every bit helps.
Create Content in VolumeEvery piece of content is important to your site. Content pulls in links. Content attracts users. Content provides value that keeps users coming back. Content also provides landing pages for the negative SEO links that bombard your site in a linkspam attack.
It’s important to have a high volume of content, even right out of the gate. Sites with few pages are easier to hit with negative SEO, for a couple of reasons. First, fewer pages means that one page going down is a higher percentage of the site going down. Second, fewer pages means fewer legitimate incoming links to balance out the negative links. Lastly, “thin” sites are typically lower quality and spammier, which could give Google the wrong impression when your site starts receiving a ton of junk links.
If possible, start your blog at five posts per week, one each weekday. This gives you weekends to prepare and deal with other tasks, while still maintaining a high volume of content. Of course, all of your content needs to meet the standards of the web. Make sure it’s high quality, sufficiently long, and deep enough to provide unique value and insight.
Build Organic LinksOrganic links come in all shapes and sizes, with a range of varied anchor text, from both high and lower quality sites and in both followed and nofollowed forms. A varied and robust link profile is necessary to combat a linkspam attack, which tends to focus on a single set of anchor keywords and a few bad domains. Their weapon is volume; yours is quality and variety.
Be Proactive with Disavowing LinksGoogle’s Disavow Links tool is about the only actual Google-provided resource you have to combat negative SEO.
Be proactive in using it. Make sure you have Google Analytics attached and verified, and keep an eye on your incoming links. If you begin to notice hundreds or thousands of unexpected incoming links from bad domains, make note of those domains.
Rather than disavowing individual links, make use of Google’s function for disavowing entire domains.
This can save an incredible amount of time, and catches any future links from that domain.
Improve Any Targeted PagesWhen you’ve reached a certain critical mass on your site in terms of content, you’ll notice any negative SEO attack tends to target weak points. They’re trying to point out flaws in your site and make it harder to distinguish between where the negative SEO attack ends and the natural flaws in your site begin. Scrutinize which pages they’re targeting and take steps to improve them.
Build an Online ReputationTake the time to network with other bloggers in your industry, particularly those with established sites and positive reputations. You don’t want to accidentally reach out to the shady competitor buying the negative SEO attack. You also don’t want to cloister yourself off and avoid outside contact altogether.
In the end, the only way to truly prevent a negative SEO attack is to be too strong to bring down. Unfortunately, the only way to reach that level is with a significant amount of time and investment. Your goal is to make it through the vulnerable early stages of website growth as quickly and as legitimately as possible.
Image Credits
How To Test An Api
Introduction
If you’re an engineer or a developer, chances are you’ve had to test an API at some point. Whether for a side project or a full-time gig, testing your application’s ability to send and receive data from other apps is essential to ensure everything works as intended. Luckily for us, there are several ways to do this to ensure you’re getting the most out of your application!
These are My Top Three Methods for Testing Out APIsThere are a lot of ways to test out an API, but these are my top three:
Postman. This Chrome extension allows you to create and send requests to an API without having to code up anything. It’s great for testing out how the API works and what responses you get from it.
Code it up in Python, Ruby, or any other language that supports making HTTP requests with libraries like Requests or Net::HTTP.
The best way I’ve found so far is using some combination of all three methods—you get quick feedback from doing things manually through Postman while still being able to test out complex functionality through curl scripts when needed!
Also read:
9 Best Cybersecurity Companies in the World
Use PostmanThe best way to test an API is to use a tool like Postman. It’s a Chrome extension that lets you build and save HTTP requests, making it easy to run large numbers quickly. You can also use it with the REST Request Builder to perform CRUD operations on your APIs using a simple “drag-and-drop” interface.
Use Curl
curl is a command line tool for sending HTTP requests and getting HTTP responses. It’s available on most operating systems and can test an API without writing code.
curl supports sending POST, PUT and DELETE requests as well as GET requests by default, but it can also be configured to support other request methods like HEAD if you need them.
Code It Up in Python and Make Calls Directly to The APITo test an API, you’ll need to be able to make calls directly to the API. This is done by using a library for Python called requests. It’s available for download on PyPI, so you can install it via pip:
pip install requests
Conclusion
These are my top three methods for testing out APIs. If you’re interested in learning more about how to test your API, check out the official documentation or this blog post by Google. They provide lots of information on how to use the different tools mentioned here and other helpful tips that might help make your life easier when dealing with APIs!
How To Test Your Firewall Software?
The Windows 10 operating system offers a powerful built-in Windows Firewall that prevents hackers or malicious software from gaining access to your computer through a network or the Internet. Although the built-in firewall is good for most users, some users prefer to use a third-party free Firewall software. Now if you want to test how good your Firewall is, these three free online Firewall Test & Post Scan services will conduct probative protocol tests on them and tell you how well they are doing their job.
Free Online Firewall TestA firewall is merely the first line of defense for any system’s security. As such, one should not rely solely on its ability to stop all the potential threats floating on the Internet. All sorts of misfortunes can occur for which a firewall is about as useful as ducking to cover for a big explosion.
1] Gibson Research PrivacyThe best method to check the strength and functioning of a firewall system is to try and breach its security. ShieldsUP! tests your firewall for such vulnerabilities.
When you choose a test type and agree to give ShieldsUP! permission to run tests on your computer, it looks for potential weaknesses and openings that can be used to attack your system. If there are no threats found, your system will get a green signal indicating it has achieved a perfect “TruStealth” rating.
You can test your firewall via Shields Up! in five different categories. These include,
File sharing
Common ports
All service ports
Messenger spam
Browser headers.
Once the test is complete, results are displayed alongside solution that can help you improve your security. In my case, no vulnerability was noted.
2] HackerwatchIt is a website to report and share information about Internet threats. By collecting and analyzing users’ firewall activity, the website can sense any suspicious activity, identify intrusion attempts, track complex attack patterns, and disclose the sources and targets of Internet threats. It mainly uses two methods,
Simple Probe
Port Scan
3] Audit My PCThe service is quite useful for testing remote desktop services, FTP servers and other services running on non-standard ports. It checks a system for commonly used ports and tests the ones commonly used by Viruses and Trojans. The test conducted by Audit My PC is extremely fast and maintains accuracy. The best part of the scan is that you don’t need to install anything for this online firewall test to run, you simply need to pick a port, or range of ports, to probe.
To avoid getting incorrect results, temporarily disable the auto-blocking feature (not the firewall), or you will likely get incorrect results
Also note that if you are running on a private network, (you may be connected to a router, proxy, or firewall) the firewall test may be conducted on other devices instead of your computer. For example, you are working for a company and using its network to audit the computer at your desk; the test will audit the company firewall instead of your PC’s firewall.
Note: This service seems to be currently temporarily down.
Before the test starts, chúng tôi reminds users that the service cannot be held responsible for any damage resulting from the use of its firewall test as users agree to the terms and conditions of the service before using it.
You might want to also take a look at these free web browser performance benchmark test tools. Also Test if Antivirus is working or not.
How To Find A Word On A Web Page In Ios Browser
Have you ever been searching for something on a webpage, a specific word for example, but wondered if the word was even on the page? Suppose you didn’t have the time to scan/read the entire page to find exactly what you’re searching for. Safari/Chrome on Mac offers a simple solution by pressing “Command + F” and searching for the word you’re looking for. It’s a bit different on the iPhone or iPad though.
If you’re using an external keyboard with your iOS device, you can easily search for a specific word using “Command + F”, but if you’re using your iPhone/iPad with your finger (as most of us usually do), you can use the following method to access the search options in Safari using iOS 9:
1. Open Safari on your iOS device.
2. Navigate to a website that you’d like to do a search on.
3. Tap the Share button, which is present in the centre of the bottom of the screen (a rectangle with an arrow).
4. In the bottom row of buttons (the Action list), swipe to the left and select “Find on Page.”
5. You’ll see that a text box has appeared above your device’s keyboard. Enter the word or phrase that you’re looking for and press “Search.”
Another method for searching for words on your iOS device is to use the Navigation bar which was a feature included in the earlier versions of iOS.
2. Type what you’re looking for into the navigation bar’s URL field, and then scroll down the page. You’ll see an “On This Page” heading.
3. Tap on the word, and you’ll jump back to the web page you were just on.
Regardless of the method you used, if the word or phrase is present on the page then it will be highlighted. If it isn’t there, you’ll see a “no matches” message. If the word appears more than once, tap the up or down arrows in the search bar to jump between matches on the web page.
Let us know about any questions or suggestions in the Comments section below.
Shujaa Imran
Shujaa Imran is MakeTechEasier’s resident Mac tutorial writer. He’s currently training to follow his other passion become a commercial pilot. You can check his content out on Youtube
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