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In this article, we will learn the common uses of python decorators
What are Python Decorators?Python decorators are pieces of code that allow existing functions to be added to or updated without changing the underlying function definition. When the program is run, it tries to edit another section of itself, which is known as metaprogramming.
A decorator is a type of function that takes a function and returns another function or takes a class and returns another class. It can be any callable (functions, classes, methods, etc.) and it can return anything; it can also take a method.
Python decorators are simple to use.
A decorator takes in a callable, which is any object that implements the special method __call()__ is said as callable, adds some functionality, and returns a callable.
Example @somedecorator def exmple_decorators(): print("Hello tutorialspoint python decorators")Writing decorators, on the other hand, require a completely distinct set of skills. And it’s not a simple matter; you must fully understand the following −
Closures
Working with functions as first-class arguments,
Variable arguments
argument unpacking, and
It takes a long time to grasp and perfect all of this. And you’ve already got a long list of things to learn.
Is it worthwhile to spend your time on this?
Let us see!
Analytics, Logging, and InstrumentationWe frequently need to specifically measure what’s going on and collect metrics that quantify distinct operations, especially with huge applications. A decorator can solve this requirement extremely readably and simply by encapsulating such notable events in their own function or method.
Validation and Runtime ChecksBeyond that, you may want to implement more complex, custom checks on data entering and exiting your system. Decorators can help you manage all of this and apply it to multiple functions at the same time.
Creating FrameworksOnce you’ve learned writing decorators, you’ll be able to gain from their simplistic syntax, which allows you to easily add semantics to the language. It’s the next best thing to being able to extend Python’s syntax.
This is used by many famous open-source frameworks. It is used by the web app framework Flask to route URLs to functions that handle HTTP requests.
Reusing Impossible-to-reuse CodeWith an elegant function syntax, functional programming support, and a full-featured object system, Python provides some very powerful tools for encapsulating code into an easily reusable form. However, some patterns of code reuse cannot be captured by these alone.
Consider working with a flakey API. You send queries to something that understands JSON over HTTP, and it works 99.9% of the time. But A small percentage of all requests will result in the server returning an internal error, requiring you to retry the request. In such an instance, you’d add some retry logic.
Example # Creating a decorator function def decoratorFunction(demofunction): def innerFunc(): print("Yup...It is a decorated function") demofunction() return innerFunc() # Creating a regular ordinary function def normalFunction(): print("Yup...It is a normal ordinary function") decoratedResult = decoratorFunction(normalFunction) decoratedResult OutputOn execution, the above program will generate the following output −
Yup...It is a decorated function Yup...It is a normal ordinary functionThe decoratorFunction() is a decorator in the preceding example. In brief, a decorator is a wrapper that wraps an object (without altering it) and adds new functionality to the original object. Because this is a popular technique, Python offers a syntax feature (called Decorator) to make it easier. Consider the below as an example −
The below function:
@decorated_func def ordinary_function(): print("This is ordinary function")is equal to
def ordinary_function(): print("This is ordinary function") decorated = decorated_func(ordinary_func) Boosting Your CareerWriting decorators is difficult at first. Neither is it rocket science, but it takes so much effort to learn and understand the details that many developers would never bother. And this works in your favour. Other developers will use your decorators if you become the person on your team who learns to write them properly and writes decorators that answer real-world problems. Decorators are so simple to utilize once the hard work of writing them is over. This can greatly increase the positive impact of the code you develop. And it might even make you a master.
ConclusionDecorators are an incredible feature that may be used for a wide range of purposes. It is not simply “function or class that takes function or class and returns function or class”.
Whatever method you use to learn to build decorators, you may be excited about what you’ll be able to achieve with them and how it will, no joke, forever transform the way you write Python code!
You're reading The Common Uses Of Python Decorators
Some Of The Best Uses For Your Old Android Phone
The average smartphone owner upgrades his or her device every two years. That makes for a lot of old devices collecting dust in a drawer somewhere. While you could always try and sell it (usually for a fraction of what you paid), or donate it, there are other options. There are a variety of apps available that will help you breathe some new life into your old Android phone. We will be taking a look at some unique ways to put your old phone to use.
Dedicated GPSMost folks probably already use their phone as a GPS for their car, but using it frequently can chew up a large chunk of your precious mobile data. Google Maps may be the go-to navigation app, but its reliance on data makes it less than appealing if you’re looking to avoid data charges. Luckily there are a number of navigation apps available that work completely offline, no data required. With excellent options from Nokia and Sygic, all you need is a phone mount and your old Android becomes a dedicated GPS.
Bike ComputerIf you’re into cycling, then you are probably aware of the multitude of apps that can make your riding life easier. From dedicated GPS and trip planning to tracking your distance, calories burned and more, turning an old phone into a bike computer is a must for any cyclist.
Home Surveillance/Baby MonitorWho needs expensive security cameras when you have a perfectly good camera on your old cell phone? Keeping an eye out for burglars or watching over your new puppy at work has never been easier. Apps like Alfred and WardenCam can capture both video and audio and deliver it to you remotely via Wi-Fi. These apps even have motion detection capabilities, sending you still images or text notifications when they spot something fishy.
Remote ControlBeen on the fence about a Logitech Harmony remote? If your Android device sports an IR blaster, all you need is the AnyMote app. With over 900,000 supported devices, you should have no trouble controlling all of your home entertainment equipment. If your phone doesn’t have an IR blaster, you can still control iTunes, Kodi and more via Wi-Fi.
Gaming Device/MP3 PlayerThis one seems like a no brainer, but bear with us. Uninstall all of your apps, shut off the Wi-Fi and load your old device full of MP3s. Keep this DIY iPod in your car or bring it with you to the gym for a distraction-free workout fueled by your Rocky soundtrack.
Gaming on Android has come a long way since Flappy Bird. If you consider yourself a gamer, the Google Play store is chock full of games ranging from platformers to puzzlers to shooters. If you’re into retro gaming, you’l be happy to know that console emulation on Android is very good. Grab a controller if you really want to take things to the next level.
Power Scientific ResearchInterested in contributing toward the greater good? Consider installing an app that donates your phone’s processing power to scientific research. U.C. Berkeley’s BOINC app allows you to choose between a variety of research projects including AIDS and global warming.
Survival ToolWhether you’re a doomsday prepper or a lover of the outdoors, an old Android device is a must for any survivalist. First grab a first aid app. Then install the Army Survival Guide which covers everything from how to make a shelter to food and water procurement. Any good Boy Scout knows that knowing your knots will definitely come in handy. Since we can’t imagine a world without Wikipedia, you’ll want to grab that, too, all 39 million articles is only 3.6 GB. These are just a few of many, but you’ll probably want to invest in a solar charger for when the apocalypse finally comes.
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Badges And The Common Core
When today’s K-12 students enter college and embark in their careers, they will most likely encounter a wide array of game-like elements, such as badge systems. In June, Blackboard Learn, a learning management system for higher education, announced a partnership with Mozilla to support digital badges. In the corporate world, badge systems are also used to increase employee productivity. Mozilla’s Open Badges Backpack serves as a virtual resume to display one’s mastered skills.
Gamifying Education
One of the main goals of the Common Core State Standards (CCSS) is to prepare students for “college- and career-ready performance.” According to chúng tôi “English language arts and math were the subjects chosen for the Common Core State Standards because they are areas upon which students build skill sets which are used in other subjects.” Badges can acknowledge the learning that has occurred along the way.
Game-based learning (GBL), like the CCSS, places a strong emphasis on mastering skills. In a gamified classroom, students start at the “newbie” level, and then build skills and “level up” to become masters. The “boss level” is when students apply all of the skills mastered to overcome a difficult task.
GBL does not necessarily mean that students are simply playing video games in school. A variety of non-digital games, including boards, cards or dice, can “gamify” learning as well. Problem-based learning (PBL) and challenge-based learning (CBL) units can be gamified by adding game mechanics, such as rules, missions and leaderboards. PBL and CBL lend themselves well to gamification because they present students with authentic tasks to perform using accumulated skill-sets. Teachers can also “mod,” or modify, pre-existing games to fit skills and content.
Creative Ways to Meet the Standards
CCSS skill mastery can be acknowledged with a digital badging system. Badge accumulation can occur in a non-linear fashion; some students may earn different badges than others. This strategy, known as embedded assessments, is common in gamified classrooms. Embedded assessments are built into the overall learning experience. A teacher can award CCSS badges during a gamified unit rather than at the end. In this respect, badges can support differentiated learning. For instance, a student may earn a badge at any time for meeting CCSS.ELA-Literacy.SL.7.4: “Present claims and findings, emphasizing salient points in a focused, coherent manner with pertinent descriptions, facts, details, and examples; use appropriate eye contact, adequate volume, and clear pronunciation.”
The CCSS only guide English language arts and math teaching. Other disciplines, such as science and social studies, should “anchor” or support the Standards. In social studies, a student can earn a badge for meeting CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RH.6-8.9, when he or she can “analyze the relationship between a primary and secondary source on the same topic.” Similarly, science teachers can recognize students who meet CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RST.9-10.10 by reading and comprehending “science/technical texts in the grades 9-10 text complexity band independently and proficiently.”
In order to maximize student engagement, a teacher can add a hidden challenge, known as an “Easter egg.” Easter eggs empower the student to test the boundaries of the learning system. For instance, a student may solve a secret riddle in a lesson and, in the process, meet CCSS.Math.Content.HSS-MD.B.5a: “Find the expected payoff for a game of chance.”
Deploying a Common Core Badge System
In a badge system, there are three interconnected participants: the issuer, the earner and the displayer. In the classroom, as opposed to a video game, the teacher is the issuer and the student is the earner. There are many options for badge displayers, including Youtopia, ForAllBadges, ClassBadges and Edmodo. Many of these sites let teachers create virtual classrooms and also provide predesigned artwork. You can download this PDF for a helpful, side-by-side, badge-displayer comparison chart.
Badges recognize the achievements that produce intrinsic satisfaction. Basically, when a student enjoys a task, learning feels less like work and more like fun. Intrinsic motivation differs from the extrinsic goals that are traditionally associated with school (grades) and with work (paychecks).
According to Cathy Davidson, badges “recognize competencies, skills, training, collaborative abilities, character, personal contribution, participatory energy, leadership and motivational skills, and other so-called ‘hard’ and ‘soft’ individual and cooperative talents.” The teacher’s role is to scaffold knowledge and skills as the student progresses through the content. The difficulty for acquiring Common Core badges should increase, or level up, as skills build up. The boss level badge represents mastery of a Core Content skill. Students who earn boss level badges should perform well on CCSS benchmarks and state tests, such as the PARCC Assessment and the Smarter Balanced Assessment Consortium (SBAC). A Common Core badge system can also bring fun to the process of learning and mastering new skills.
Different Types Of Lip Products And Their Uses
Lip products have become a staple in many people’s makeup routines, offering a variety of options to enhance and protect the lips. From lip balms to lipsticks, glosses to stains, there are countless types of lip products available in the market today. Each product serves a unique purpose, from providing hydration and nourishment to adding color and shine. With so many options to choose from, it’s easy to find a lip product that suits your individual needs and preferences.
Lips ProductsOne of your face’s most appealing traits is the shape of your lips. They might give you a fashionable or even boring appearance. There are numerous lip cosmetic options on the market that can transform your appearance. Moreover, lip makeup is important for face makeup. Hence, it would be beneficial if you carefully selected the lip tints to make your lips look fantastic. The list below might help you learn more about the various lip creams and how they can affect your lips.
Lip OilLip oils can be worn alone or on top of lipstick for extra shine and hydration. They are available in a variety of colours and finishes, from clear to tinted. They are a fantastic option for anyone who wish to maintain soft, smooth lips while achieving a natural, effortless look.
Lip GlossA classic lip cosmetic, lip gloss gives the lips a glossy, high-shine look. Typically, oils, waxes, and polymers are included in its formulation to assist create a smooth, shiny finish. Lip glosses are available in a wide range of colours and formulations, from glittery to metallic to holographic, and come in a number of textures, including transparent, sheer, and opaque. They can be used on their own or over lipstick for more dimension and shine. For individuals who want to add a dash of glitz to their makeup look or highlight the natural beauty of their lips, lip glosses are a fantastic alternative.
Lip BalmThe purpose of lip balm, a type of lip lotion, is to deeply hydrate and nourish the lips. Beeswax, shea butter, and coconut oil are frequently used in its formulation since they assist to calm and protect the delicate skin on the lips. Lip balms are offered in a number of flavours and scents and come in a range of forms, including classic sticks, pots, and tubes. They offer long-lasting hydration and aid to halt further drying or cracking, making them a fantastic option for people with dry or chapped lips. Lip balms can be used to add moisture and smoothness on their own or under lipstick.
Lip PlumperA lip product called a lip plumper is made to increase the volume and fullness of the lips. It is frequently made with chemicals like cinnamon or peppermint oil, which temporarily boost blood flow to the area and give the lips a plumper appearance by stimulating the lips. Hyaluronic acid and collagen are additional ingredients in certain lip plumper’s, which aid to moisturize and plump the lips over time. Lip plumper’s can be worn alone or over lipstick to give lips more fullness and dimension. They are available in a variety of forms, from clear to coloured. They are a fantastic option for people who want a pout that is fuller and more voluminous.
Exfoliating Lip ProductsLip products with exfoliating properties are made to exfoliate dead skin cells from the lips and expose softer, smoother skin. They are frequently made with fruit enzymes, sugar, salt, or other exfoliating chemicals that assist to gently remove dry, flaky skin. Exfoliating lip products are offered in a number of flavours and smells and come in a range of compositions, including scrubs, masks, and balms. They offer a gentle and efficient technique to remove dead skin and support healthy, moisturized lips, making them a fantastic option for people who have dry or chapped lips.
LipstickThe traditional lip cosmetic, lipstick, gives the lips long-lasting colour and definition. It is often made with pigments, oils, and waxes, which contribute to the creation of a creamy, smooth texture that applies effortlessly and maintains its appearance for hours. Lipsticks are offered in a number of colours and finishes, with a range of formulas including matte, satin, and glossy. For more depth and complexity, layer them with other lip treatments like lip liner or gloss or wear them alone. Lipsticks are a fantastic option for people who want to add a burst of colour to their makeup or make a big statement with their lip colour.
Whipped Lip ButterA sort of lip balm that offers the lips exceptional moisture and nourishment is whipped lip butter. Shea butter, cocoa butter, and coconut oil are common hydrating components included in its formulation, all of which assist to soothe and soften dry, chapped lips. Lips feel soft and silky after applying whipped lip butter, which frequently contains natural flavours or aromas for an enticing, aromatic experience. It offers a glossy, translucent finish that highlights the lips’ inherent beauty and offers long-lasting moisture and defense. When looking for a high-end, hydrating lip product that feels rich and nurturing, whipped lip butter is a fantastic option.
ConclusionKnowledge of the various lip product varieties and their applications is crucial for attaining the desired look and preserving healthy lips. There are numerous solutions to fit your needs, whether you choose a natural or strong lip look. You may choose the ideal lip product to improve your overall appearance and keep your lips feeling and looking their best by taking into account elements like texture, colour, and formulation.
A wide range of substances, including moisturizers, sunscreens, and scents, can be included in lip products in addition to the many lip product kinds. When choosing a lip product, it’s crucial to take into account these substances to make sure it suits your demands and doesn’t have any negative side effects. In order to maintain your lips healthy and looking their best, you should exfoliate and moisturize them on a regular basis. The appropriate lip cosmetics can help you create attractive, healthy lips with a little knowledge and attention.
Make A Copy Of This Common Office Plant
Your cubicle could use some greenery. Having plants in the office can make workers happy and relaxed. Many indoor plants also act as natural air filters, removing polluting compounds from the air. Plants: They work as hard as you do.
When looking for something to freshen up your office space, consider the pothos. Pothos thrive in low light, and they require minimal water and care. You definitely don’t need a green thumb to grow one, making it the perfect greenery for a whole host of situations.
Warning: The pothos is toxic if ingested. While it’s a fantastic choice for an office, don’t let pets or kids near it.
It’s also insanely easy to make two or more plants out of a single specimen. Pothos grow long vine-like stems, which can trail all over an office or cubicle (some have been taking over cubicles here at Popular Science for years). But if you prefer a more compact, bushy plant, you can easily trim back those stems—and in the process, you can get a few more plants in the process. There are a variety of methods for propagating a pothos, but the easiest involves just scissors, a plant, and a vase of water. Here’s how it works.
Tools and materials
A healthy pothos with stems that have at least seven leaves on them.
A vase or jar of water. Choose a clear vessel so you can watch as the roots start to grow.
Clean scissors. Plants can pick up diseases too, so make sure to scrub your cutter thoroughly.
InstructionsPothos are hardy plants that can grow in a variety of conditions from soil (left) to a Scotch bottle filled with water (right). All of these plants started off as part of the plant to the left. Jason Lederman
Step 1: Identify a stem to cutIdentify a long stem. Jason Lederman
Pothos plants tend to grow long vine-like stems. To find a good stem for your new cutting, identify one that looks healthy (no withered or yellowing leaves) and is fairly long. This way, the whole stem—the part that remains on the original plant and the part that you transplant—can continue to thrive.
Step 2: Identify root nodesRoot nodes are easily distinguished: Look for the brown nubs found at regular intervals. Jason Lederman
Along each stem, pothos plants have root nodes, which mark the locations where roots will sprout after you submerge the stem in water. The nodes look like brown stubs on the otherwise green tendrils and are usually located opposite each leaf. You’ll want your cutting to have at least two healthy root nodes.
Step 3: Make the cutCut at a 45 degree angle Jason Lederman
Using scissors that you have thoroughly cleaned, make a cut at a 45 degree angle below the last root node that you want to use. The steep angle will allow the stem to keep taking in water and nutrients while the roots grow. Your cutting should have somewhere between 5 and 7 leaves, and at least two healthy root nodes towards its base.
Step 4: TrimTrimming leaves. Jason Lederman
Now you have a cutting! Keeping three or more leaves at the top, trim off the leaves that will sit below the waterline in your vase.
Step 5: WaterNow sit back and wait for roots to sprout! Jason Lederman
Place your cutting in the vase of water, making sure no leaves rest below the waterline. Now, sit back and wait! Within a few weeks, tendrils of roots will appear from the root nodes, and you’ll have a new plant.
At this point, you can leave the cutting in the water, or transfer it to a pot of soil. But if you want to make the switch, do it relatively quickly: After a while, the pothos will get used to having all the water it can drink and won’t be able to adapt to soil as easily.
Happy planting!
8 Uses Of Qr Codes For A Measurable Marketing Campaign
How to utilise QR codes for a better marketing strategy that reaches, engages and converts your audience
In the introduction of better and faster technology, people are now using their devices more than ever. It’s all about accessing everything in a snap and getting the information across from one person to another or from a business to a consumer. One of the trending channels in the marketing industry is the QR code.
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QR (Quick Response) Codes can be read and understood by mobile devices. Marketers have used this in billboards, magazines, web pages, and any other marketing material. QR codes can provide more information about the product or service without a sweat, and the information quickly goes to the user’s device.
Basically, QR codes promote interaction and engagement through the mobile phone. This type of marketing strategy enables businesses to transfer information to the user. Nowadays, users are done with anything that’s slow and time-consuming. It’s all about being instant and fast, especially in the world of marketing.
Below are some ways you can maximize QR codes to monitor the performance of your marketing campaign properly:
1. Direct customers to a landing page/websiteScanning a QR code can lead to a signup page or any landing page/website. This removes the hassle of going through the process of accessing the website and navigating your way around the page.
Make sure that you use a unique URL matched with your QR code to measure it accurately.
2. Dial your business numberIn business conferences, you’ll surely engage and interact with a crowd. If you use QR codes for your booth or station, then interested business partners can just scan the code and receive your business details such as your business contact number. Sometimes, you can even tweak the QR code to dial the number on the receiver’s phone directly.
3. Send a messageThis is exciting because the user will only receive the message once the QR code has been scanned. Sending messages through QR codes benefits SMS marketing the most. It can be used for sales, user support, on-request product upgrades, and opt-in SMS registration.
4. Send an emailMuch like sending messages, QR codes for sending emails will help you read and monitor data for newsletters, email marketing, and your email’s performance rates (e.g. open and bounce rates).
Aside from that, the user can also continue reading the said the email on his mobile phone by scanning the QR code. In this manner, your email will be accessible on any platform.
5. Download appsOnce you’ve scanned the QR code, it will direct you to the download page of the app and start the download. Businesses have used their creativity to make their QR codes eye-catching. Popular apps such as Angry Birds have used QR codes for their marketing campaign.
Furthermore, apps themselves sometimes use QR code to foster engagement inside their community. Social media apps like Snapchat have created unique QR codes for their users to add people easily.
In line with that, Spotify has recently released QR codes for their songs. Users can now share or recommend their music by simply scanning the QR code, and it’ll automatically appear on the other person’s device.
6. View business locationIf your website visitor wants to drop by your office, they can just pull out their phone and scan the QR code on your website. Instead of manually searching for the address on online maps, the QR code can give specific directions to your business location.
7. Direct customers to social media pagesAs an example, if a user liked your product or service so much, they can follow your social media pages for more updates. Sometimes, they can even score a discount or promo if they followed your social media through that same QR code.
8. Shopping and E-commerceProbably the most popular way to use QR codes, businesses usually use it for discounts and promos. By providing a unique QR code, the consumer can also receive the receipt or menu through his phone.
With all these in mind, you can properly set up QR codes for your marketing strategy as long as you provide a clear call-to-action (CTA). The user shouldn’t have to guess what to do with your QR code.
You can run multiple tests on different devices and applications to check if the QR code is giving the right customer data. If the testing fails, then using QR codes will be for nothing.
There are also some restrictions when using QR codes such as internet connectivity. When using QR codes, check whether such an environment allows QR codes to be usable.
At the end of the day, QR codes benefit a lot of industries. Aside from saving time and energy, it also allows you to properly measure your marketing campaign, as QR codes provide data that you need. They go through your system and can be further examined through your analytics. Naturally, you must set up the proper metrics such as location, time, and frequency to ensure the success of your promotional campaigns.
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